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Louis Horst (born January 12, 1884 in Kansas City, Missouri, U.S.; died January 23, 1964 in New York City) was a choreographer, composer, and pianist. He helped to define the principles of modern dance choreographic technique, most notably the matching of choreography to pre-existing musical structure and the use of contemporary music for dance scores. ==Biography and work== Horst was the musical director for the Denishawn company (1916 to 1925) before working as musical director and dance composition teacher for Martha Graham's school and dance company (1926 to 1948). One memorable piece of advice that Horst gave dancers in his lessons in the 1930s, at times delivered in a sarcastic tone: "when in doubt, turn."〔Madden (1996) p.36 quote: 〕〔Soares, Janet Mansfield (1992) p.55〕〔Soares, Janet Mansfield (1958-1964) ''Private papers, class notes, and personal conversations''〕〔Focus on dance, Volume 5 (1969) p.6 quote: 〕〔Lynne Anne Blom, L. Tarin Chaplin (1989) p.48 quote: 〕 This is a variant of Ted Shawn's famous line "When in doubt, twirl."〔Stephen Schiff (1992) (''Edward Gorey and the Tao of Nonsense'' ) in ''The New Yorker'', November 9, p.94 quote: 〕 The Grateful Dead Almanac adopted it as their motto.〔(Grateful Dead Almanac )〕 Apart from being a personal friend and mentor to Graham, Horst worked and wrote scores for many other choreographers, including: * Ruth St. Denis * Ted Shawn * Helen Tamiris * Martha Hill * Doris Humphrey and Charles Weidman * Agnes de Mille * Ruth Page * Michio Ito * Nina Fonaroff * Adolph Bolm * Harald Kreutzberg * Pearl Lang * Jean Erdman * Anna Sokolow, Horst's assistant and demonstrator Horst composed scores for the Denishawn company, including ''Japanese Spear Dance'' (1919). He composed several of Graham's early group works: ''Primitive Mysteries'' (1931), ''Celebration'' (1934), ''Frontier'' (1935), and ''El Penitente'' (1940). For Anna Sokolow, Horst composed ''Noah'' (1935). He also composed several movie scores. Horst taught art of choreography at Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theater (1928-1964), Bennington College (1934-1945), Mills College, Connecticut College (1948–1963), Barnard College, Sarah Lawrence College, Columbia University, and The Juilliard School (1951-1964). Horst lectured often on "Dance Composition", "Music Composition for Dance", and "Modern Dance and Its Relation to the Other Modern Arts". He wrote and published two books: ''Pre-classic Dance Forms'' (1937) and ''Modern Dance Forms'' (1960). He founded and edited ''Dance Observer Journal'' (1933-1964). In 1964 he became the second recipient of the Heritage Award of the National Dance Association. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Louis Horst」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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